While probable cause should first be determined before an
information may be filed in court, the prosecutor is not mandated to require
the respondent to submit his counter-affidavits to oppose the complaint. In the
determination of probable cause, the prosecutor may solely rely on the
complaint, affidavits and other supporting documents submitted by the
complainant. If he does not find probable cause, the prosecutor may dismiss
outright the complaint or if he finds probable cause or sufficient reason to
proceed with the case, he shall issue a resolution and file the corresponding
information (TEODORO C.
BORLONGAN, JR. ET AL. VS. MAGDALENO M. PEÑA, ET AL. G.R. NO. 143591, MAY 5,
2010, SECOND DIVISION, PEREZ, J.).
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